2.4.3.1~2.4.3.2

Thermodynamics is the study of energy transformations. Scientists have observed energy being changed from one to another in millions of physical and chemical changes. But they have never been able to detect the creation or destruction of any energy in such changes. The results of these experiments have been summarized in the law of conservation of energy, also known as the first law of thermodynamics:When energy is converted from one form to another in a physical or chemical change, no energy is created or destroyed.
熱電學是能量轉換的學科.科學家已經觀察出在成千上萬物理和化學變化中從一個改變成另一個時能量會被改變.但是科學家們不曾能夠查出在這樣的改變下任何能量是如何的創造和消滅.這些實驗的結果已被總結為能量守恆定律,也叫做熱力學第一定律:當能量轉換在物理或化學變化從一個形成另一個時,沒有能量是被創造或者是被消滅的.

This scientific law tells us that when one form of energy is converted to another form in any physical or chemical change, energy input always equals energy output. No matter how hard we try or how clever we are, we cannot get more energy out of a system than we put in. This is one of nature's basic rules.
這個科學定律告訴我們當一個能量的形式被轉換成另一個在任何物理或化學變化的形式時,能量輸入通常等於能量輸出.無論我們多麼努力去嘗試或者我們有多聰明,我們都不能從系統中脫離出比我們當時放入的能量還要多的能量.這就是一個大自然的基本規則.


能量守恆定律也被叫做熱力學第一定律:當物理變化或化學變化發生時,能量不會改變(能量輸入=能量輸出),且沒有能量是可以被創造或消滅的.